Новость из категории: Maraqlı

Köln Kafedralı: 6 əsrə tikilmiş tarixi abidə




Almaniyanın dördüncü böyük şəhəri olan Köln eramızdan əvvəl 50-ci illərdə Roma Imperatoru Cladiusun göstərişi ilə Aşağı Reyn bölgəsində salınmışdı. Şəhərin strateji bölgədə salınma məqsədi German qəbilələrinin günaşırı hücumlarının qarşısını ala bilmək idi. 

Cladius bu şəhərə həyat yoldaşı, imperatriça Agrippinanın adını versə də, bu şəhər koloniya şəklində salındığı üçün Orta əsrlərdə ad yavaş-yavaş dəyişilərək "Colonia" - yerli dildə "Köln" halına düşmüşdü. 

Şəhər quruldugu gündən bəri müxtəlif dövlətlərin orduları tərəfindən dəfələrlə işğal edilmiş, talanmış olsa da, həyatının ən ağır dövrünü II Dünya Müharibəsində yaşamışdı. Müttəfiq qoşunlar, xüsusilə, Britaniya hava qüvvələri tərəfindən bir neçə dəfə bombalanan Kölnün 90%-i Dünya Müharibəsinin sonunda dağılmış, əhalisinin əksəriyyəti ya bombardman zamanı həlak olmuş, ya da şəhəri tərk etmişdilər. Müharibədən əvvəl əhalisi 800 min olan Kölndə müharibədən sonra 105 min sakin qalmışdı. 

Köln şəhəri tamamilə dağıdılsa da, həmin zamanlarda çəkilmiş fotolardan bir tikilinin ayaq üstdə dura bildiyini görürük və mən indi sizə ondan danışmaq istəyirəm: "Köln Kafedralı". 

Köln Kafedralı Orta Əsrlər dövrünün bir sənət incisidir. Qotik üslubda ucaldılmış bu ibadətxana öz funksiyasından daha geniş məna kəsb edir. Əzəməti və böyüklüyü ilə Almaniyanın ən çox turist cəlb edən abidəsidir. 

Köln şəhərinin mərkəzi qatar stansiyasından çıxarkən bu abidə sizin üzərinizə elə vahiməli gəlir ki, elə o andaca sizi öz təsiri altına alır, gözlərinizi ondan çəkə bilmirsiniz. 

Bu kafedralın bünövrəsi 1248-ci ildə atılmış olsa, ideyasi ta yeddinci əsrə qədər uzanır. Hətta deyilənə görə, həmin ərəfələrdə kafedralın qüllələrinin uzunluğunun 157 metr olacağı qeyd edilibmiş. Amma onun tikintisinə XIII əsrin ortalarında start verilir. Kafedral, bünövrəsi qoyulandan nə az, nə cox, düz 632 il sonra, 1880-ci illərdə tamamlana bilir. Inşaatın bu qədər uzun sürməsinin səbəbi kifayət qədər maddi vəsaitin olmaması və üslub olaraq kafedralın zərgər dəqiqliyi ilə işlənməsidir. 

Köln Kafedralı dünyanın ücüncü ən böyük və gözəl kafedralıdır. Yolunuz bu bölgəyə düşərsə, bu abidə sizdə unudulmaz bir təəssürat yaradacaq. 










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